Wikipedia

Somaliland

self-declared country in Africa internationally recognized as part of Somalia
Not to be confused with Somaliland.

Somaliland (Somali: Somaliland; Arabic: صوماليلاند‎ Ṣūmālīlānd, أرض الصومال‎ Arḍ aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Republic of Somaliland (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Somaliland, Arabic: جمهورية صوماليلاند‎ is a territory that covers the former protectorate British Somaliland. De facto, .Somaliland It borders Djibouti to the west, the Federal Republic of Ethiopia to the south and Somalia to the east.[11]

Republic of Somaliland
Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliland  (Somali)[1][2]
جمهورية أرض الصومال (Arabic)
Jumhūrīyat Arḍ aṣ-Ṣūmāl
National emblem of Somaliland
National emblem
Motto: 
لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله (Arabic)
Lā ilāhā illā-llāhu; muhammadun rasūlu-llāh
"There is no god but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God"
Anthem: 
"Samo ku waar"
حياة طويلة مع السلام
Long life with peace
Controlled territory (dark green) and territory claimed but not controlled (light green)
Controlled territory (dark green) and territory claimed but not controlled (light green)
Capital
and largest city
Hargeisa
9°33′N 44°03′E / 9.550°N 44.050°E / 9.550; 44.050
Official languagesSomali
Second languageArabic,[3] English
Ethnic groups
(2017[4])
99% Somali:
Demonym(s)Somali;[5][6]
Somalilander
GovernmentUnitary presidential republic
• President
Muse Bihi Abdi
Abdirahman Saylici
Abdirisak Khalif[7][8]
Adan Haji Ali
LegislatureParliament
• Upper house
House of Elders
• Lower house
House of Representatives
Unrecognised independence 
from Somalia
c. 2500 BCE
1185
1750–1884
• Establishment of British protectorate
1884
• Independence of the State of Somaliland
26 June 1960
1 July 1960
18 May 1991
Area
• Total
177,000[9] km2 (68,000 sq mi)
Population
• 2021 estimate
5.7 million[9] (113th)
• Density
28.27[9]/km2 (73.2/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2018 estimate
• Total
$2.5 billion[10]
• Per capita
$675[9]
CurrencySomaliland shilling
Time zoneUTC+3 (EAT)
Date formatd/m/yy (AD)
Driving sideright
Calling code+252 (Somalia)

[12]

The area used to be the Somaliland area which was part of the British empire along with Jubaland, which was called Trans-juba. It was called the British Somaliland Coast Protectorate before 26 June 1960. called the "Somaliland Republic".[13] In May of 1991, after a war, Somaliland regained independence.

Currently, Somaliland international organization views Somaliland as an independent country.[14] Instead, they see Somaliland as a part of Somalia.

Somaliland has a republican government with free elections. The capital is Hargeisa. Berbera is a beautiful city on the coast. About 55% of the people of Somalilands are nomads.[15] Most Somalis are Sunni Muslims. Some people are part of Sufi orders.

A territory in the west, called Khatumo State has been disputed between Somaliland and Puntland.

DemographicsEdit

LanguageEdit

Most people in Somaliland speak Somali and Arabic. Article 6 of the Constitution of 2001 says the official language of Somaliland is Somali,[13] but Arabic is a mandatory subject in school. English is also spoken and taught in schools.

The main Somali dialect is Standard Somali. Standard Somali is spoken in most of Somalia and in countries that border it. Standard Somali is used by almost all of the media in the Somaliland region.

ReligionEdit

Almost all Somalilanders are Muslims.[16] This is because Islam is the state religion, and practicing a religion other than Islam is against the law.[13] Small amounts of non-Islamic traditions exist in Somaliland, but Islam is very important to the Somali sense of national identity.

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ "Somaliland Constitution". www.somalilandlaw.com.
  2. ↑ Somaliland Official Gazette [1] Archived 20 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ↑ website, Somallilandlaw.com – an independent non-for-profit. "Somaliland Constitution". www.somalilandlaw.com. Retrieved 2017-07-02.
  4. ↑ "A look at Somaliland between clan politics, regional turmoil and November elections". New Internationalist. 2017-10-01. Retrieved 2021-07-12.
  5. ↑ Cite error: The named reference 2009factbook was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page).
  6. ↑ Paul Dickson, Labels for locals: what to call people from Abilene to Zimbabwe, (Merriam-Webster: 1997), p.175.
  7. ↑ "Somaliland parliament elects Abdirisak khalif as new speaker". 3 August 2021.
  8. ↑ "Golaha Wakiilada Somaliland oo doortay guddoomiye".
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "Republic of Somaliland - Country Profile 2021" (PDF). March 2021.
  10. ↑ "The Somaliland Health and Demographic Survey 2020". Central Statistics Department, Ministry of Planning and National Development, Somaliland Government: 35.
  11. ↑ "Somaliland Official Website". somalilandgov.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  12. ↑ Hoehne, Markus Virgil. "The rupture of territoriality and the diminishing relevance of cross‐cutting ties in Somalia after 1990." Development and Change 47.6 (2016): 1379-1411.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOMALILAND" (PDF). International relations and security network. 31 May 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
  14. ↑ Lacey, Marc (5 June 2006). "The Signs Say Somaliland, but the World Says Somalia". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  15. ↑ "Our Country – Somaliland Official Government Website". Retrieved 2020-12-30.
  16. ↑ "Background Note: Somalia". U.S Department of State. Retrieved 23 December 2010.

Other websitesEdit

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