United States Minor Outlying Islands
The United States Minor Outlying Islands are nine island territories of the United States. They are Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island in the Pacific Ocean; and Navassa Island in the Caribbean Sea. The islands are grouped together for statistical reasons. They are not administered together.
United States Minor Outlying Islands | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: | |
| Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner | |
 | |
| Administrative center | Washington, D.C. |
| Largest village | Wake Island |
| Official languages | English |
| Demonym(s) |
|
| Government | |
| Joe Biden (D) | |
• Governor | none |
• Lieutenant Governor | none |
| Area | |
• Total | 34.2 km2 (13.2 sq mi) (190th) |
• Water (%) | 88.6 |
| Population | |
• 2009 estimate | 300 (232nd) |
• 2000 census | 316 |
| GDP (PPP) | estimate |
• Total | n/a (n/a) |
• Per capita | $46,381a (6th) |
| Currency | United States dollar (USD) |
| ISO 3166 code | UM |
| Internet TLD | .us b |
| |
As of 2008, none of the islands have any people living there permanently. The only human population consists of temporary scientific and military personnel. The 2000 census counted 315 people on Johnston Atoll and 1 person on Wake Island.[1] There has been no modern indigenous population, except at the 1940 census. In 1936, a colonization scheme began to settle Americans on Baker, Howland and Jarvis, but all three islands were evacuated in 1942 because of World War II.[2][3]
The islands are all together represented by the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code UM. The ISO introduced the term "United States Minor Outlying Islands" in 1986. From 1974 until 1986, five of the islands (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Palmyra Atoll and Kingman Reef) were grouped under the term "United States Miscellaneous Pacific Islands", with ISO 3166 code PU. The code of Midway Atoll was MI, the code of Johnston Atoll was JT, and the code of Wake Island was WK. The Pacific islands are surrounded by large Exclusive Economic Zones.
Airports
changeThe following is a list of island airports with ICAO (IATA) codes:
- PJON (JON): Johnston Atoll Airport, Johnston Atoll
- PMDY (MDY): Henderson Field (Midway Atoll), (Naval Air Facility), Sand Island
- PWAK (AWK): Wake Island Airfield, Wake Island
- PLPA: Palmyra (Cooper) Airport, Palmyra Atoll, Cooper Island
- PBAR: Baker Island Airport, Baker Island
- PLUR: Jarvis Airport, Jarvis Island
Ports
changeThree of the islands have ports listed in the World Port Index,[4] with World Port Number:
- 56325 JOHNSTON ATOLL: Johnston Atoll
- 56328 MIDWAY ISLAND: Midway Atoll
- 56330 WAKE ISLAND: Wake Island
- not listed WEST LAGOON: Palmyra Atoll
Baker Island, Howland Island and Jarvis Island have a small boat landing place on each. Kingman Reef and Navassa Island have offshore anchorage only.
Islands
change| Atoll/Island | Island Area km² |
Lagoon km² |
Coordinates | NWR Established |
Date of Acquisition | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Northern Pacific Ocean, scattered isolated islands | ||||||||
| Wake IslandA | 7.4 | 6 | 19°18′N 166°38′E / 19.300°N 166.633°E | 2009 January 6[5][6] | 1899 January 17 | |||
| Johnston AtollB | 2.52 | 130 | 16°45′N 169°31′W / 16.750°N 169.517°W | 1926 July 29[7] | 1859 September 6 | |||
|
Northern Pacific Ocean, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands | ||||||||
| Midway Atoll | 5.18 | 40 | 28°13′N 177°22′W / 28.217°N 177.367°W | 1996 November 1[8] | 1867 August 28 | |||
|
Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Line Islands | ||||||||
| Kingman Reef | 0.01 | 76 | 6°24′N 162°24′W / 6.400°N 162.400°W | 2001 January 18[9] | 1860 February 8 | |||
| Palmyra AtollB | 6.56 | 15 | 5°53′N 162°05′W / 5.883°N 162.083°W | 2001 January 18[10] | 1912 February 21 | |||
|
Central Pacific Ocean, Central Line Islands | ||||||||
| Jarvis Island | 4.45 | - | 0°22′S 160°01′W / 0.367°S 160.017°W | 1974 June 27[3] | 1856 October 28 | |||
|
Central Pacific Ocean, Northern Phoenix Islands | ||||||||
| Baker Island | 1.24 | - | 0°12′N 176°29′W / 0.200°N 176.483°W | 1974 June 27[2] | 1856 October 28 | |||
| Howland Island | 1.62 | - | 0°48′N 176°37′W / 0.800°N 176.617°W | 1974 June 27[2] | 1856 October 28 | |||
| Navassa IslandC | 5.2 | - | 18°24′N 75°01′W / 18.400°N 75.017°W | 1999 December 3[11] | 1858 October 31 | |||
| Bajo Nuevo BankD | 0.02 | 155 | 15°53′N 78°38′W / 15.883°N 78.633°W | N/A | 1869 November 22 | |||
| Serranilla BankD | 0.02 | 1200 | 15°50′N 79°50′W / 15.833°N 79.833°W | N/A | 1879 September 8 1880 September 13 | |||
| 'U.S. Minor Outlying Islands | 34.2 | 267 | ||||||
| A Claimed by the Marshall Islands [source?] B Previously claimed by Hawaii when independent. Palmyra was officially part of Hawaii until 1959. C Claimed by Haiti D These islands are controlled by Colombia, and are not included in the ISO list of territories. Their areas are not included in the totals. | ||||||||
References
change- ↑ US Census 2000 Population Summary — see Table I
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Office of Insular Affairs: Baker and Howland Islands - History". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2012-04-19. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Office of Insular Affairs: Jarvis Island - History". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "NGA.mil". National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 2 December 2008.
- ↑ "Presidential Proclamation 8336". Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents: Monday, January 12, 2009 Volume 45—Number 1, Page 14" (PDF). United States Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-01. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Office of Insular Affairs: Johnston Island - History". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2012-03-14. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Executive Order 13022: Administration of the Midway Islands". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Department of the Interior: Secretary's Order #3223". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Department of the Interior: Secretary's Order #3224". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2019-01-05. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
- ↑ "Department of the Interior: Secretary's Order #3210". United States Department of the Interior. Archived from the original on 2018-12-24. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
Other websites
change- WorldStatesmen- U.S.
- Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges Archived 2020-05-30 at the Wayback Machine
- CIA World Factbook: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges Archived 2017-07-16 at the Wayback Machine
- Historical Population figures Archived 2004-08-08 at the Wayback Machine
- dates of acquisition Archived 2012-04-14 at the Wayback Machine