Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic or in short, the Ukrainian SSR or Soviet Ukraine was in the southwestern part of the Soviet Union. It had the second largest population of the fifteen republics of the Soviet Union. This lasted from 1922 to 1991.
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936–1991)
Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (1919–1936)
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|---|---|
| 1919–1991 1941–1944: German and Romanian occupation | |
Motto: Пролетарі всіх країн, єднайтеся! (Ukrainian) "Proletari vsikh krayin, yednaitesia!" (transliteration) "Workers of the world, unite!" | |
Anthem: Державний гімн Української Радянської Соціалістичної Республіки (Ukrainian) Derzhavnyy himn Ukrayins'koyi Radyans'koyi Sotsialistychnoyi Respubliky (transliteration) | |
 Location of the Ukrainian SSR within the Soviet Union from 1954 | |
| Status | Independent Socialist Republic (1919–1922) Union Republic of the USSR (1922–1990) Union Republic with priority of Ukrainian legislation (1990–1991) |
| Capital | Kharkiv (1919–1934)[1] Kiev (1934–1991)[2] |
| Common languages | Russian (dominant)[3][4] Ukrainian (folkloristic)[4] (in 1990 Ukrainian declared as official)a[5] |
| Government | Soviet republic |
| First Secretary | |
• 1918–1919 | Emanuel Kviring (first) |
• 1990–1991 | Stanislav Hurenko (last) |
| Head of state | |
• 1919–1938 | Grigory Petrovsky (first) |
• 1990–1991 | Leonid Kravchuk (last) |
| Head of government | |
• 1919–1923 | Christian Rakovsky (first) |
• 1988–1991 | Vitold Fokin (last) |
| Legislature | Supreme Soviet[6] |
| Historical era | 20th century |
• Declaration of the Ukrainian Soviet republic | 10 March 1919 |
| 30 December 1922 | |
| 15 November 1939 | |
| 24 October 1945 | |
• Priority of Ukrainian laws declared, Soviet laws partially abolished | 16 July 1990 |
• Declaration of independence, Ukrainian SSR renamed to Ukraine | 24 August 1991 |
| 1 December 1991 | |
| 10 December 1991 | |
• Dissolution of the Soviet Union (Ukraine's independence formally recognized) | 26 December 1991 |
• Soviet government officially abolished (New constitution) | 28 June 1996 |
| Area | |
| 1989 census | 603,700 km2 (233,100 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| 51,706,746 | |
| Currency | Soviet ruble (karbovanets) |
| Calling code | 7 03/04/05/06 |
| Today part of |  Ukraine Russia (some parts disputed) Moldova Poland Romania (Tătaru Mare Island) |
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The Ukrainian SSR was a founding member of the United Nations.[7] It did not really have much power because it was tightly controlled by central all-Soviet Union authorities. When the Soviet Union broke apart, the Ukrainian SSR became Ukraine.
During its 72-year history, the republic's borders changed many times. The eastern city of Kharkiv was the republic's first capital. However, in 1934, it was moved to the city of Kyiv. Kyiv is still the capital of Ukraine. Among other largest cities there were Odessa, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk (named Stalino before 1961), Lviv, Zaporizhia.
HistoryEdit
Ukrainian SSR was one of 4 first republics of USSR. During the WWII all of its territory was occupied. There was large partisan movements. Kiev and Odessa became hero cities.
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ "History" (in Ukrainian). Kharkiv Oblast Government Administration. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
- ↑ Soviet Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. 1969–1972.
- ↑ Language Policy in the Soviet Union by Lenore Grenoble, Springer Science+Business Media, 2003, ISBN 978-1-4020-1298-3.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mariya Kapinos. Honest History: Where, why Ukrainians speak Russian language (and how Kremlin uses it to stoke conflict in Ukraine). Kyiv Post. 6 April 2018
- ↑ Law of Ukraine "About languages of the Ukrainian SSR"
- ↑ History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples by Paul Robert Magocsi, University of Toronto Press, 2010, ISBN 1442640855
- ↑ "Activities of the Member States - Ukraine". United Nations. Retrieved 2011-01-17.
Coordinates: 50°27′N 30°30′E / 50.450°N 30.500°E
