Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a country in Central Asia. The country is landlocked (has no coast) and mountainous. It has borders with China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Its capital is Bishkek. It was a socialist republic of the Soviet Union, but became independent in 1991. The country was peaceful in the 1990s. Its president, Askar Akayev showed an autocratic and authoritarian character.
Kyrgyz Republic | |
|---|---|
 Emblem
| |
| Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни "National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic" | |
.svg) Location of Kyrgyzstan (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bishkek 42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.600°E |
| Official languages | Kyrgyz |
Co-official | Russian[1] |
| Ethnic groups (2019[3]) | |
| Religion |
|
| Demonym(s) | Kyrgyz |
| Government | Unitary presidential constitutional republic |
| Sadyr Japarov | |
| Akylbek Japarov | |
| Talant Mamytov[4] | |
| Legislature | Supreme Council |
| Independence | |
| 840 | |
| 27 November 1917 | |
| 5 December 1936 | |
| 31 August 1991 | |
| 21 December 1991 | |
| 26 December 1991 | |
| 2 March 1992 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (85th) |
• Water (%) | 3.6 |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate |  6,586,600[2] (110th) |
• 2009 census | 5,362,800 |
• Density | 27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (176th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $35.324 billion[6] (127th) |
• Per capita | $5,470[6] (134th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2019 estimate |
• Total | $8.455 billion[6] (141st) |
• Per capita | $1,309[6] (158th) |
| Gini (2018) |  27.7[7]low |
| HDI (2019) | 0.697[8] medium · 120th |
| Currency | Kyrgyzstani som (c) (KGS) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (KGT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +996 |
| ISO 3166 code | KG |
| Internet TLD | .kg |
Russian is spoken as an official language at state level.
In 2005, there was an unexpected revolution after the elections of parliament (the legislature) in March. President Akayev resigned on April 4 of that year. Opposition leaders formed a coalition (a group from more than one party), and a new government was formed, led by President Kurmanbek Bakiyev and Prime Minister Feliks Kulov.
At the moment, different political groups are fighting for power in the republic. Three of the 75 elected members of Parliament have been murdered. Kyrgyzstan’s main religion is Islam.
GeographyEdit
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia. It is farther from the ocean than any other country in the world. It borders Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Mountains cover over 80% of the country.[9]
The land area of Kyrgyzstan is just a little bigger than the state of Nebraska.
Issyk-Kul Lake is the largest lake in Kyrgyzstan. It is the largest mountain lake in Asia and the second largest mountain lake in the world after Titicaca. Peak Jengish Chokusu, at 7,439 m (24,406 ft), is the highest point. The highest peaks are in the Kakshaal-Too range.
Bishkek, the capital city, is in the north. It is largest city in Kyrgyzstan. The second largest is the ancient town of Osh.
CitiesEdit
| Name | Kyrgyz name | Oblast | Population [10] | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balykchy | Балыкчы | Issyk Kul | 41,342 | city |
| Batken | Баткен | Batken | 10,987 | city |
| Bishkek | Бишкек | - | 750,327 | city |
| Cholpon-Ata | Чолпоната | Issyk Kul | 8,851 | city |
| Isfana | Исфана | Batken | 16,850 | city |
| Jalal-Abad | Жалалабат | Jalal-Abad | 70,401 | city |
| Kant | Кант | Chuy | 22,075 | city |
| Kara-Balta | Карабалта | Chuy | 47,159 | city |
| Karakol | Каракол | Issyk Kul | 64,322 | city |
| Karaköl | Каракөл | Jalal-Abad | 17,977 | city |
| Kara-Suu | Карасуу | Osh | 19,143 | city |
| Kerben | Кербен | Jalal-Abad | n/a | city |
| Kochkor-Ata | Кочкората | Jalal-Abad | 16,104 | city |
| Kökjanggak | Көкжаңгак | Jalal-Abad | 10,727 | city |
| Kyzyl-Kiya | Кызылкыя | Batken | 31,844 | city |
| Mailuu-Suu | Майлуусуу | Jalal-Abad | 20,365 | city |
| Naryn | Нарын | Naryn | 40,050 | city |
| Nookat | Ноокат | Osh | n/a | city |
| Osh | Oш | Osh | 208,520 | city |
| Shopokov | Шопоков | Chuy | 9,133 | city |
| Sulyukta | Сүлүктү | Batken | 14,145 | city |
| Talas | Tалас | Talas | 32,638 | city |
| Tashkömür | Ташкөмүр | Jalal-Abad | 23,331 | city |
| Tokmok | Tокмок | Chuy | 59,409 | city |
| Uzgen | Өзгөн | Osh | 41,497 | city |
EconomyEdit
Kyrgyzstan was the second poorest country in the former Soviet Union next to Tajikistan. Now it is the second poorest country in Central Asia.
Agriculture is an important part of the economy in Kyrgyzstan. Much farming is still being done by hand and by horse. Main crops include wheat, sugar beets, potatoes, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, and fruit.
Kyrgyzstan is rich in mineral resources. It has small petroleum and natural gas reserves. Among its mineral reserves are solid amount of coal, gold, uranium, antimony and other metals but not iron. Metallurgy is an important industry.
Imports include petroleum and natural gas, ferrous metals, chemicals, most machinery, wood and paper products, food and construction materials. Its trade partners are Germany, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.
Related pagesEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ "Kyrgyzstan's Constitution of 2010 with Amendments through 2016" (PDF). Constitute Project. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Основные итоги естественного движения населения январе-августе 2020г". stat.kg.
- ↑ 5.01.00.03 Национальный состав населения. [5.01.00.03 Total population by nationality] (XLS). Bureau of Statistics of Kyrgyzstan (in Russian, Kyrgyz, and English). 2019.
- ↑ "Сейчас Kg🇰🇬".
- ↑ "History of Central Asia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 12 March 2021.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "Kyrgyz Republic". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ "GINI index (World Bank estimate) - Kyrgyz Republic". data.worldbank.org. World Bank. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
- ↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
- ↑ Escobar, Pepe. "The Tulip Revolution takes root". Asia Times Online. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
- ↑ 1999 census results, as taken from the German wikipedia article Liste der Städte in Kirgisistan. Numbers in italics are 2008 estimates, taken from "www.world-gazetteer.com". Archived from the original on 2012-12-04. Retrieved 2013-08-17..