Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан), formally the Kyrgyz Republic, and sometimes known as Kirghizia, is a country in Central Asia. The country is landlocked (has no coast) and mountainous. It has borders with China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Its capital is Bishkek. It was a socialist republic of the Soviet Union, but became independent in 1991. The country was peaceful in the 1990s. Its president, Askar Akayev showed an autocratic and authoritarian character.
Kyrgyz Republic | |
|---|---|
 Emblem
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Anthem: Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни Kırgız Respublikasının Mamlekettik Gimni National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic | |
.svg) Location of Kyrgyzstan (green) | |
| Capital and largest city | Bishkek 42°52′N 74°36′E / 42.867°N 74.600°E |
| Official languages[1] | |
| Ethnic groups (2016) | |
| Religion | Islam, Christianity (Russian Orthodoxy) |
| Demonym(s) | |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary republic |
| Sooronbay Jeenbekov | |
| Sapar Isakov | |
| Legislature | Supreme Council |
| Independence from the Soviet Union | |
| 14 October 1924 | |
| 5 December 1936 | |
• Independence declared | 31 August 1991 |
| 21 December 1991 | |
• Recognized | 25 December 1991 |
| 2 March 1992 | |
| 27 June 2010 | |
| Area | |
• Total | 199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi) (85th) |
• Water (%) | 3.6 |
| Population | |
• 2016 estimate | 6,019,480[2] (110th) |
• 2009 census | 5,362,800 |
• Density | 27.4/km2 (71.0/sq mi) (176th) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $22.639 billion[4] |
• Per capita | $3,653[4] |
| GDP (nominal) | 2017 estimate |
• Total | $7.061 billion[4] |
• Per capita | $1,139[4] |
| Gini (2012) | 27.4[5] low |
| HDI (2014) |  0.655[6]medium · 120th |
| Currency | Som (KGS) |
| Time zone | UTC+6 (KGT) |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +996 |
| ISO 3166 code | KG |
| Internet TLD | .kg |
In 2005, there was an unexpected revolution after the elections of parliament (the legislature) in March. President Akayev resigned on April 4 of that year. Opposition leaders formed a coalition (a group from more than one party), and a new government was formed, led by President Kurmanbek Bakiyev and Prime Minister Feliks Kulov.
At the moment, different political groups are fighting for power in the republic. Three of the 75 elected members of Parliament have been murdered.
GeographyEdit
Kyrgyzstan is a landlocked country in Central Asia. It is farther from the ocean than any other country in the world. It borders Kazakhstan, China, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Mountains cover over 80% of the country.[7]
The land area of Kyrgyzstan is just a little bigger than the state of Nebraska.
Issyk-Kul Lake is the largest lake in Kyrgyzstan. It is the largest mountain lake in Asia and the second largest mountain lake in the world after Titicaca. Peak Jengish Chokusu, at 7,439 m (24,406 ft), is the highest point. The highest peaks are in the Kakshaal-Too range.
Bishkek, the capital city, is in the north. It is largest city in Kyrgyzstan. The second largest is the ancient town of Osh.
CitiesEdit
| Name | Kyrgyz name | Oblast | Population [8] | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balykchy | Балыкчы | Issyk Kul | 41,342 | city |
| Batken | Баткен | Batken | 10,987 | city |
| Bishkek | Бишкек | - | 750,327 | city |
| Cholpon-Ata | Чолпоната | Issyk Kul | 8,851 | city |
| Isfana | Исфана | Batken | 16,850 | city |
| Jalal-Abad | Жалалабат | Jalal-Abad | 70,401 | city |
| Kant | Кант | Chuy | 22,075 | city |
| Kara-Balta | Карабалта | Chuy | 47,159 | city |
| Karakol | Каракол | Issyk Kul | 64,322 | city |
| Karaköl | Каракөл | Jalal-Abad | 17,977 | city |
| Kara-Suu | Карасуу | Osh | 19,143 | city |
| Kerben | Кербен | Jalal-Abad | n/a | city |
| Kochkor-Ata | Кочкората | Jalal-Abad | 16,104 | city |
| Kökjanggak | Көкжаңгак | Jalal-Abad | 10,727 | city |
| Kyzyl-Kiya | Кызылкыя | Batken | 31,844 | city |
| Mailuu-Suu | Майлуусуу | Jalal-Abad | 20,365 | city |
| Naryn | Нарын | Naryn | 40,050 | city |
| Nookat | Ноокат | Osh | n/a | city |
| Osh | Oш | Osh | 208,520 | city |
| Shopokov | Шопоков | Chuy | 9,133 | city |
| Sulyukta | Сүлүктү | Batken | 14,145 | city |
| Talas | Tалас | Talas | 32,638 | city |
| Tashkömür | Ташкөмүр | Jalal-Abad | 23,331 | city |
| Tokmok | Tокмок | Chuy | 59,409 | city |
| Uzgen | Өзгөн | Osh | 41,497 | city |
EconomyEdit
Kyrgyzstan was the second poorest country in the former Soviet Union next to Tajikistan. Now it is the second poorest country in Central Asia.
Agriculture is an important part of the economy in Kyrgyzstan. Much farming is still being done by hand and by horse. Main crops include wheat, sugar beets, potatoes, cotton, tobacco, vegetables, and fruit.
Kyrgyzstan is rich in mineral resources. It has small petroleum and natural gas reserves. Among its mineral reserves are solid amount of coal, gold, uranium, antimony and other metals but not iron. Metallurgy is an important industry.
Imports include petroleum and natural gas, ferrous metals, chemicals, most machinery, wood and paper products, food and construction materials. Its trade partners are Germany, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.
Related pagesEdit
ReferencesEdit
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kyrgyzstan. |
- ↑ "Constitution". Government of Kyrgyzstan.
Missing or empty
Article 5
1. The state language of the Kyrgyz Republic shall be the Kyrgyz language.
2. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian language shall be used in the capacity of an official language.|url=(help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Национальный состав населения (оценка на начало года, человек)". stat.kg.
- ↑ Kyrgysztan in the CIA World Factbook.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund.
- ↑ "Gini index". World Bank. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
- ↑ "2015 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2015. Retrieved 15 December 2015.
- ↑ Escobar, Pepe. "The Tulip Revolution takes root". Asia Times Online. Retrieved 21 November 2007.
- ↑ 1999 census results, as taken from the German wikipedia article Liste der Städte in Kirgisistan. Numbers in italics are 2008 estimates, taken from "www.world-gazetteer.com". Archived from the original on 2012-12-04..
