List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha
Wikimedia list article
The Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, is currently made up of 543 constituencies. These constituencies each elect one Member of Parliament (MP).
Summary change
State/ Union Territory |
Seats | Population (2011) |
Population per seat | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. | SC | ST | Total | |||
Andhra Pradesh | 20 | 4 | 1 | 25 | 49,577,103 | 1,983,084 |
Arunachal Pradesh | 2 | - | - | 2 | 1,383,727 | 691,864 |
Assam | 11 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 31,205,576 | 2,228,970 |
Bihar | 34 | 6 | - | 40 | 104,099,452 | 2,602,486 |
Chhattisgarh | 6 | 1 | 4 | 11 | 25,545,198 | 2,322,291 |
Goa | 2 | - | - | 2 | 1,458,545 | 729,273 |
Gujarat | 20 | 2 | 4 | 26 | 60,439,692 | 2,324,604 |
Haryana | 8 | 2 | - | 10 | 25,351,462 | 2,535,146 |
Himachal Pradesh | 3 | 1 | - | 4 | 6,864,602 | 1,716,151 |
Jharkhand | 8 | 1 | 5 | 14 | 32,988,134 | 2,356,295 |
Karnataka | 21 | 5 | 2 | 28 | 61,095,297 | 2,181,975 |
Kerala | 18 | 2 | - | 20 | 33,406,061 | 1,670,303 |
Madhya Pradesh | 19 | 4 | 6 | 29 | 72,626,809 | 2,504,373 |
Maharashtra | 39 | 5 | 4 | 48 | 112,374,333 | 2,341,132 |
Manipur | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 2,570,390 | 1,285,195 |
Meghalaya | - | - | 2 | 2 | 2,966,889 | 1,483,445 |
Mizoram | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1,097,206 | 1,097,206 |
Nagaland | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1,978,502 | 1,978,502 |
Odisha | 13 | 3 | 5 | 21 | 41,974,219 | 1,998,772 |
Punjab | 9 | 4 | - | 13 | 27,743,338 | 2,134,103 |
Rajasthan | 18 | 4 | 3 | 25 | 68,548,437 | 2,741,937 |
Sikkim | 1 | - | - | 1 | 610,577 | 610,577 |
Tamil Nadu | 32 | 7 | - | 39 | 72,147,030 | 1,849,924 |
Telangana | 12 | 3 | 2 | 17 | 35,003,674 | 2,059,040 |
Tripura | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 3,673,917 | 1,836,959 |
Uttar Pradesh | 63 | 17 | - | 80 | 199,812,341 | 2,497,654 |
Uttarakhand | 4 | 1 | - | 5 | 10,086,292 | 2,017,258 |
West Bengal | 30 | 10 | 2 | 42 | 91,276,115 | 2,173,241 |
Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 1 | - | - | 1 | 380,581 | 380,581 |
Chandigarh | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1,055,450 | 1,055,450 |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 585,764 | 292,882 |
Jammu and Kashmir | 5 | - | - | 5 | 12,267,032 | 2,453,406 |
Ladakh | 1 | - | - | 1 | 274,000 | 274,000 |
Lakshadweep | - | - | 1 | 1 | 64,473 | 64,473 |
Delhi | 6 | 1 | - | 7 | 16,787,941 | 2,398,277 |
Puducherry | 1 | - | - | 1 | 1,247,953 | 1,247,953 |
Total | 412 | 84 | 47 | 543 | 1,210,569,573 | 2,229,410 |
Andhra Pradesh (25) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency Name | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Araku | ST |
2 | Srikakulam | None |
3 | Vizianagaram | None |
4 | Visakhapatnam | None |
5 | Anakapalli | None |
6 | Kakinada | None |
7 | Amalapuram | SC |
8 | Rajahmundry | None |
9 | Narasapuram | None |
10 | Eluru | None |
11 | Machilipatnam | None |
12 | Vijayawada | None |
13 | Guntur | None |
14 | Narasaraopet | None |
15 | Bapatla | SC |
16 | Ongole | None |
17 | Nandyal | None |
18 | Kurnool | None |
19 | Anantapur | None |
20 | Hindupur | None |
21 | Kadapa | None |
22 | Nellore | None |
23 | Tirupati | SC |
24 | Rajampet | None |
25 | Chittoor | SC |
Arunachal Pradesh (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Arunachal West | None |
2 | Arunachal East | None |
Assam (14) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Karimganj | SC |
2 | Silchar | None |
3 | Autonomous District | ST |
4 | Dhubri | None |
5 | Kokrajhar | ST |
6 | Barpeta | None |
7 | Gauhati | None |
8 | Mangaldoi | None |
9 | Tezpur | None |
10 | Nowgong | None |
11 | Kaliabor | None |
12 | Jorhat | None |
13 | Dibrugarh | None |
14 | Lakhimpur | None |
Bihar (40) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Valmiki Nagar | None |
2 | Paschim Champaran | None |
3 | Purvi Champaran | None |
4 | Sheohar | None |
5 | Sitamarhi | None |
6 | Madhubani | None |
7 | Jhanjharpur | None |
8 | Supaul | None |
9 | Araria | None |
10 | Kishanganj | None |
11 | Katihar | None |
12 | Purnia | None |
13 | Madhepura | None |
14 | Darbhanga | None |
15 | Muzaffarpur | None |
16 | Vaishali | None |
17 | Gopalganj | SC |
18 | Siwan | None |
19 | Maharajganj | None |
20 | Saran | None |
21 | Hajipur | SC |
22 | Ujiarpur | None |
23 | Samastipur | SC |
24 | Begusarai | None |
25 | Khagaria | None |
26 | Bhagalpur | None |
27 | Banka | None |
28 | Munger | None |
29 | Nalanda | None |
30 | Patna Sahib | None |
31 | Pataliputra | None |
32 | Arrah | None |
33 | Buxar | None |
34 | Sasaram | SC |
35 | Karakat | None |
36 | Jahanabad | None |
37 | Aurangabad | None |
38 | Gaya | SC |
39 | Nawada | None |
40 | Jamui | SC |
Chhattisgarh (11) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Sarguja | ST |
2 | Raigarh | ST |
3 | Janjgir–Champa | SC |
4 | Korba | None |
5 | Bilaspur | None |
6 | Rajnandgaon | None |
7 | Durg | None |
8 | Raipur | None |
9 | Mahasamund | None |
10 | Bastar | ST |
11 | Kanker | ST |
Goa (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | North Goa | None |
2 | South Goa | None |
Gujarat (26) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Kachchh | SC |
2 | Banaskantha | None |
3 | Patan | None |
4 | Mahesana | None |
5 | Sabarkantha | None |
6 | Gandhinagar | None |
7 | Ahmedabad East | None |
8 | Ahmedabad West | SC |
9 | Surendranagar | None |
10 | Rajkot | None |
11 | Porbandar | None |
12 | Jamnagar | None |
13 | Junagadh | None |
14 | Amreli | None |
15 | Bhavnagar | None |
16 | Anand | None |
17 | Kheda | None |
18 | Panchmahal | None |
19 | Dahod | ST |
20 | Vadodara | None |
21 | Chhota Udaipur | ST |
22 | Bharuch | None |
23 | Bardoli | ST |
24 | Surat | None |
25 | Navsari | None |
26 | Valsad | ST |
Haryana (10) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Ambala | SC |
2 | Kurukshetra | None |
3 | Sirsa | SC |
4 | Hisar | None |
5 | Karnal | None |
6 | Sonipat | None |
7 | Rohtak | None |
8 | Bhiwani–Mahendragarh | None |
9 | Gurgaon | None |
10 | Faridabad | None |
Himachal Pradesh (4) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Kangra | None |
2 | Mandi | None |
3 | Hamirpur | None |
4 | Shimla | SC |
Jharkhand (14) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Rajmahal | ST |
2 | Dumka | ST |
3 | Godda | None |
4 | Chatra | None |
5 | Kodarma | None |
6 | Giridih | None |
7 | Dhanbad | None |
8 | Ranchi | None |
9 | Jamshedpur | None |
10 | Singhbhum | ST |
11 | Khunti | ST |
12 | Lohardaga | ST |
13 | Palamau | SC |
14 | Hazaribagh | None |
Karnataka (28) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Chikkodi | None |
2 | Belgaum | None |
3 | Bagalkot | None |
4 | Bijapur | SC |
5 | Gulbarga | SC |
6 | Raichur | ST |
7 | Bidar | None |
8 | Koppal | None |
9 | Bellary | ST |
10 | Haveri | None |
11 | Dharwad | None |
12 | Uttara Kannada | None |
13 | Davanagere | None |
14 | Shimoga | None |
15 | Udupi Chikmagalur | None |
16 | Hassan | None |
17 | Dakshina Kannada | None |
18 | Chitradurga | SC |
19 | Tumkur | None |
20 | Mandya | None |
21 | Mysore | None |
22 | Chamarajanagar | SC |
23 | Bangalore Rural | None |
24 | Bangalore North | None |
25 | Bangalore Central | None |
26 | Bangalore South | None |
27 | Chikballapur | None |
28 | Kolar | SC |
Kerala (20) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Kasaragod | None |
2 | Kannur | None |
3 | Vatakara | None |
4 | Wayanad | None |
5 | Kozhikode | None |
6 | Malappuram | None |
7 | Ponnani | None |
8 | Palakkad | None |
9 | Alathur | SC |
10 | Thrissur | None |
11 | Chalakudy | None |
12 | Ernakulam | None |
13 | Idukki | None |
14 | Kottayam | None |
15 | Alappuzha | None |
16 | Mavelikara | SC |
17 | Pathanamthitta | None |
18 | Kollam | None |
19 | Attingal | None |
20 | Thiruvananthapuram | None |
Madhya Pradesh (29) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Morena | None |
2 | Bhind | SC |
3 | Gwalior | None |
4 | Guna | None |
5 | Sagar | None |
6 | Tikamgarh | SC |
7 | Damoh | None |
8 | Khajuraho | None |
9 | Satna | None |
10 | Rewa | None |
11 | Sidhi | None |
12 | Shahdol | ST |
13 | Jabalpur | None |
14 | Mandla | ST |
15 | Balaghat | None |
16 | Chhindwara | None |
17 | Hoshangabad | None |
18 | Vidisha | None |
19 | Bhopal | None |
20 | Rajgarh | None |
21 | Dewas | SC |
22 | Ujjain | SC |
23 | Mandsour | None |
24 | Ratlam | ST |
25 | Dhar | ST |
26 | Indore | None |
27 | Khargone | ST |
28 | Khandwa | None |
29 | Betul | ST |
Maharashtra (48) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Nandurbar | ST |
2 | Dhule | None |
3 | Jalgaon | None |
4 | Raver | None |
5 | Buldhana | None |
6 | Akola | None |
7 | Amravati | SC |
8 | Wardha | None |
9 | Ramtek | SC |
10 | Nagpur | None |
11 | Bhandara–Gondiya | None |
12 | Gadchiroli–Chimur | ST |
13 | Chandrapur | None |
14 | Yavatmal–Washim | None |
15 | Hingoli | None |
16 | Nanded | None |
17 | Parbhani | None |
18 | Jalna | None |
19 | Aurangabad | None |
20 | Dindori | ST |
21 | Nashik | None |
22 | Palghar | ST |
23 | Bhiwandi | None |
24 | Kalyan | None |
25 | Thane | None |
26 | Mumbai North | None |
27 | Mumbai North West | None |
28 | Mumbai North East | None |
29 | Mumbai North Central | None |
30 | Mumbai South Central | None |
31 | Mumbai South | None |
32 | Raigad | None |
33 | Maval | None |
34 | Pune | None |
35 | Baramati | None |
36 | Shirur | None |
37 | Ahmednagar | None |
38 | Shirdi | SC |
39 | Beed | None |
40 | Osmanabad | None |
41 | Latur | SC |
42 | Solapur | SC |
43 | Madha | None |
44 | Sangli | None |
45 | Satara | None |
46 | Ratnagiri–Sindhudurg | None |
47 | Kolhapur | None |
48 | Hatkanangle | None |
Manipur (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Inner Manipur | None |
2 | Outer Manipur | ST |
Meghalaya (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Shillong | ST |
2 | Tura | ST |
Mizoram (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Mizoram | ST |
Nagaland (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Nagaland | None |
Odisha (21) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Bargarh | None |
2 | Sundargarh | ST |
3 | Sambalpur | None |
4 | Keonjhar | ST |
5 | Mayurbhanj | ST |
6 | Balasore | None |
7 | Bhadrak | SC |
8 | Jajpur | SC |
9 | Dhenkanal | None |
10 | Bolangir | None |
11 | Kalahandi | None |
12 | Nabarangpur | ST |
13 | Kandhamal | None |
14 | Cuttack | None |
15 | Kendrapara | None |
16 | Jagatsinghpur | SC |
17 | Puri | None |
18 | Bhubaneswar | None |
19 | Aska | None |
20 | Berhampur | None |
21 | Koraput | ST |
Punjab (13) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Gurdaspur | None |
2 | Amritsar | None |
3 | Khadoor Sahib | None |
4 | Jalandhar | SC |
5 | Hoshiarpur | SC |
6 | Anandpur Sahib | None |
7 | Ludhiana | None |
8 | Fatehgarh Sahib | SC |
9 | Faridkot | SC |
10 | Firozpur | None |
11 | Bathinda | None |
12 | Sangrur | None |
13 | Patiala | None |
Rajasthan (25) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Ganganagar | SC |
2 | Bikaner | SC |
3 | Churu | None |
4 | Jhunjhunu | None |
5 | Sikar | None |
6 | Jaipur Rural | None |
7 | Jaipur | None |
8 | Alwar | None |
9 | Bharatpur | SC |
10 | Karauli–Dholpur | SC |
11 | Dausa | ST |
12 | Tonk–Sawai Madhopur | None |
13 | Ajmer | None |
14 | Nagaur | None |
15 | Pali | None |
16 | Jodhpur | None |
17 | Barmer | None |
18 | Jalore | None |
19 | Udaipur | ST |
20 | Banswara | ST |
21 | Chittorgarh | None |
22 | Rajsamand | None |
23 | Bhilwara | None |
24 | Kota | None |
25 | Jhalawar–Baran | None |
Sikkim (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Sikkim | None |
Tamil Nadu (39) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Thiruvallur | SC |
2 | Chennai North | None |
3 | Chennai South | None |
4 | Chennai Central | None |
5 | Sriperumbudur | None |
6 | Kancheepuram | SC |
7 | Arakkonam | None |
8 | Vellore | None |
9 | Krishnagiri | None |
10 | Dharmapuri | None |
11 | Tiruvannamalai | None |
12 | Arani | None |
13 | Villupuram | SC |
14 | Kallakurichi | None |
15 | Salem | None |
16 | Namakkal | None |
17 | Erode | None |
18 | Tiruppur | None |
19 | Nilgiris | SC |
20 | Coimbatore | None |
21 | Pollachi | None |
22 | Dindigul | None |
23 | Karur | None |
24 | Tiruchirappalli | None |
25 | Perambalur | None |
26 | Cuddalore | None |
27 | Chidambaram | SC |
28 | Mayiladuturai | None |
29 | Nagapattinam | SC |
30 | Thanjavur | None |
31 | Sivaganga | None |
32 | Madurai | None |
33 | Theni | None |
34 | Virudhunagar | None |
35 | Ramanathapuram | None |
36 | Thoothukkudi | None |
37 | Tenkasi | SC |
38 | Tirunelveli | None |
39 | Kanyakumari | None |
Telangana (17) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Adilabad | ST |
2 | Peddapalle | SC |
3 | Karimnagar | None |
4 | Nizamabad | None |
5 | Zahirabad | None |
6 | Medak | None |
7 | Malkajgiri | None |
8 | Secunderabad | None |
9 | Hyderabad | None |
10 | Chevella | None |
11 | Mahbubnagar | None |
12 | Nagarkurnool | SC |
13 | Nalgonda | None |
14 | Bhongir | None |
15 | Warangal | SC |
16 | Mahabubabad | ST |
17 | Khammam | None |
Tripura (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Tripura West | None |
2 | Tripura East | ST |
Uttar Pradesh (80) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Saharanpur | None |
2 | Kairana | None |
3 | Muzaffarnagar | None |
4 | Bijnor | None |
5 | Nagina | SC |
6 | Moradabad | None |
7 | Rampur | None |
8 | Sambhal | None |
9 | Amroha | None |
10 | Meerut | None |
11 | Baghpat | None |
12 | Ghaziabad | None |
13 | Gautam Buddha Nagar | None |
14 | Bulandshahr | SC |
15 | Aligarh | None |
16 | Hathras | SC |
17 | Mathura | None |
18 | Agra | SC |
19 | Fatehpur Sikri | None |
20 | Firozabad | None |
21 | Mainpuri | None |
22 | Etah | None |
23 | Badaun | None |
24 | Aonla | None |
25 | Bareilly | None |
26 | Pilibhit | None |
27 | Shahjahanpur | SC |
28 | Kheri | None |
29 | Dhaurahra | None |
30 | Sitapur | None |
31 | Hardoi | SC |
32 | Misrikh | SC |
33 | Unnao | None |
34 | Mohanlalganj | SC |
35 | Lucknow | None |
36 | Rae Bareli | None |
37 | Amethi | None |
38 | Sultanpur | None |
39 | Pratapgarh | None |
40 | Farrukhabad | None |
41 | Etawah | SC |
42 | Kannauj | None |
43 | Kanpur Urban | None |
44 | Akbarpur | None |
45 | Jalaun | SC |
46 | Jhansi | None |
47 | Hamirpur | None |
48 | Banda | None |
49 | Fatehpur | None |
50 | Kaushambi | SC |
51 | Phulpur | None |
52 | Prayagraj | None |
53 | Barabanki | SC |
54 | Ayodhya | None |
55 | Ambedkar Nagar | None |
56 | Bahraich | SC |
57 | Kaiserganj | None |
58 | Shrawasti | None |
59 | Gonda | None |
60 | Domariyaganj | None |
61 | Basti | None |
62 | Sant Kabir Nagar | None |
63 | Maharajganj | None |
64 | Gorakhpur | None |
65 | Kushi Nagar | None |
66 | Deoria | None |
67 | Bansgaon | SC |
68 | Lalganj | SC |
69 | Azamgarh | None |
70 | Ghosi | None |
71 | Salempur | None |
72 | Ballia | None |
73 | Jaunpur | None |
74 | Machhlishahr | SC |
75 | Ghazipur | None |
76 | Chandauli | None |
77 | Varanasi | None |
78 | Bhadohi | None |
79 | Mirzapur | None |
80 | Robertsganj | SC |
Uttarakhand (5) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Tehri Garhwal | None |
2 | Garhwal | None |
3 | Almora | SC |
4 | Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar | None |
5 | Haridwar | None |
West Bengal (42) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Cooch Behar | SC |
2 | Alipurduars | ST |
3 | Jalpaiguri | SC |
4 | Darjeeling | None |
5 | Raiganj | None |
6 | Balurghat | None |
7 | Maldaha Uttar | None |
8 | Maldaha Dakshin | None |
9 | Jangipur | None |
10 | Baharampur | None |
11 | Murshidabad | None |
12 | Krishnanagar | None |
13 | Ranaghat | SC |
14 | Bangaon | SC |
15 | Barrackpore | None |
16 | Dum Dum | None |
17 | Barasat | None |
18 | Basirhat | None |
19 | Jaynagar | SC |
20 | Mathurapur | SC |
21 | Diamond Harbour | None |
22 | Jadavpur | None |
23 | Kolkata Dakshin | None |
24 | Kolkata Uttar | None |
25 | Howrah | None |
26 | Uluberia | None |
27 | Srerampur | None |
28 | Hooghly | None |
29 | Arambag | SC |
30 | Tamluk | None |
31 | Kanthi | None |
32 | Ghatal | None |
33 | Jhargram | ST |
34 | Medinipur | None |
35 | Purulia | None |
36 | Bankura | None |
37 | Bishnupur | SC |
38 | Bardhaman Purba | SC |
39 | Bardhaman–Durgapur | None |
40 | Asansol | None |
41 | Bolpur | SC |
42 | Birbhum | None |
Union territories (19) change
Andaman and Nicobar Islands (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | None |
Chandigarh (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Chandigarh | None |
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (2) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Dadra and Nagar Haveli | ST |
1 | Daman and Diu | None |
Delhi (7) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Chandni Chowk | None |
2 | North East Delhi | None |
3 | East Delhi | None |
4 | New Delhi | None |
5 | North West Delhi | SC |
6 | West Delhi | None |
7 | South Delhi | None |
Jammu and Kashmir (5) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Baramulla | None |
2 | Srinagar | None |
3 | Anantnag–Rajouri | None |
4 | Udhampur | None |
5 | Jammu | None |
Ladakh (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Ladakh | None |
Lakshadweep (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Lakshadweep | ST |
Puducherry (1) change
Constituency No. |
Constituency | Reserved for (SC/ST/None) |
---|---|---|
1 | Puducherry | None |