Athens

capital city of Greece
For other uses, see Athens (disambiguation).

Athens is the capital city of Greece and the most important financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural center of the country. It is one of the most famous cities in the world. It is also one of the world's oldest cities. Scholars disagree on whether the city is named for the goddess Athena, or the goddess for the city. Athens has a population of about 4 million people and is growing. It is in the prefecture, or division of the country, of Attica. Its port, Piraeus, is both the largest passenger port in Europe, and the second largest port in the world. Athens has a borderline cold semi-arid climate (BSk in the Köppen climate classification) and a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Köppen climate classification). The average rainfall is relatively low, due to the rain shadow from the Parnitha mountains. Frost is infrequent and snow does not occur every winter.

Athens
Αθήνα
Athīna
Colina de Filopapos.jpg
Seal of Athens
Location
Athens is located in Greece
Athens
Coordinates 37°58′N 23°43′E / 37.967°N 23.717°E / 37.967; 23.717Coordinates: 37°58′N 23°43′E / 37.967°N 23.717°E / 37.967; 23.717
Time zone: EET/EEST (UTC+2/3)
Elevation (min-max): 70 - 338 m (230 - 1109 ft)
Government
Country: Greece
Periphery: Attica
Districts: 7
Mayor: Kostas Bakoyannis  (New Democracy)
(since: 1 September 2019)
Population statistics (as of 2011[1])
Metropolitan
 - Population: 3,737,550
 - Area: 2,928.717 km² (1,131 sq mi)
 - Density: 1,276 /km² (3,305 /sq mi)
Municipality
 - Population: 655,780
 - Area: 38.964 km² (15 sq mi)
 - Density: 16,830 /km² (43,591 /sq mi)
Codes
Postal: 10x xx, 11x xx, 120 xx
Telephone: 21
Auto: Yxx, Zxx, Ixx (excluding ZAx and INx)
Website
www.cityofathens.gr
Flag of Greece.svg
Athens

History of AthensEdit

Main article: Classical Athens

Athens was a powerful city in Classical times. It was known for the amount of learning that happened there. The city was home to Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum. The Parthenon, a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena, is the most famous of all its ancient monuments. It was built between 447 BC and 438 BC and its decoration continued until 431 BC. Athens had its own Constitution and it also created the world's first known democracy.

The city started to decline in 529, when the Emperor Justinian I closed its philosophical schools. The Parthenon was made a Christian church. That act saved it later from destruction of non Christian temples, in times of deep Theocracy.

The Ottoman Turks took control of Athens in 1458. The Turks made the Parthenon into a Muslim mosque. The Parthenon was later damaged in 1687 when gunpowder exploded inside it.

Athens was freed from the Turks during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1833). It was an unimportant little town then, but the Greeks made it their capital.

EventsEdit

MuseumsEdit

There are many museums in the city. Some of the most important ones are:

  • the National Archaeological Museum, the largest archaeological museum in the country.
  • the New Acropolis Museum, opened in 2009.
  • the Byzantine and Christian Museum, one of the most important museums of Byzantine art.
  • the Museum of Cycladic Art.
  • the Benaki Museum, established in 1930 and renovated in 2000.

InfrastructureEdit

The Athens International airport "Eleftherios Venizelos" is the largest international airport in Greece and it opened in 2001.

The Athens Metro, inaugurated in January 2000, is the only metro system in Greece. It has a total of three lines. It is famous for many of its stations that feature works of art and displays of the archeological remains found during its construction.

The Athens Tram has a total length of 27 km and covers ten Athenian suburbs from Syntagma Square (the central square of Athens) to the southwestern part of the city. The tram network is still under construction as it will be extended toward the port of Piraeus.

The Attiki Odos is a modern motorway system that runs in the greater Athens metropolitan area and has a total length of 65 kilometres.

Sister citiesEdit

Athens has these sister cities:

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ "(875 KB) 2001 Census" (PDF). National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΣΥΕ) (in Greek). www.statistics.gr. Retrieved 2007-10-30.
  2. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-01-04. Retrieved 2008-06-01.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ↑ "Home". Chicago Sister Cities.
  4. ↑ http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/ying/default.htm

Other websitesEdit




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