List of ongoing armed conflicts
Wikimedia list article
This is a list of ongoing armed conflicts.
10,000 or more combat-related deaths in 2024 or 2023
changeConflict | Continent | Location | Deaths in 2023 | Deaths in 2024 | More information |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Russo-Ukrainian War | Europe | Ukraine | 15,757[1]–95,930+[2][3][4] [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] | Deaths during the conflict: 50,200–254,600+[12] The War in Donbas is part of the Russo-Ukrainian War. The 2023 Wagner Group rebellion happened during the Russo-Ukrainian War. | |
Israeli–Palestinian conflict
|
Asia | Gaza Strip Israel Lebanon |
21,000+[13][b][c] | 21,451[27][28][29][30][31][32] | Start of conflict: 1948 |
Internal conflict in Myanmar (Rohingya conflict, Kachin conflict, Conflict in Rakhine State) | Asia | Myanmar | 14,841+[1][33][34][35] | 11,107[27] | The Karen conflict is part of the larger conflict; Myawaddy (on the Thai border) was lost to rebels in 2024's second quarter.[36] The number of people who have died in the (larger) conflict: 141,000[37]–210,000[38] Start of conflict: 1948 |
Armed rebellion in the Maghreb (2002–present) | Africa | Burkina Faso Mali Niger Benin Togo Algeria Tunisia Chad Ivory Coast Mauritania Ghana Nigeria Cameroon Morocco Libya |
10,868[1][39][40][41] [42][43][44][45] | 10,581+[27][46] | Armed rebellion in Niger, is part of the larger conflict. In 2024's second quarter, many [or all] of the last one-thousand U.S. soldiers are expected to leave the country.[47] Earlier (2023), there was a coup d'état in Niger; It led to a Nigerien crisis that has ended.; Related pages, Maghreb, Sahel |
War in Sudan | Africa | Sudan | 12,000+[48][49] | 7,046[27] | As of 2024's second quarter, the capital of North Darfur State is under siege.[50] |
Less than 10,000 combat-related deaths (in 2024 or last year)
changeConflict | Continent | Location | Deaths in 2023 | Deaths in 2024 | More information |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ethiopian civil conflict | Africa | Ethiopia Eritrea |
3,578 | 6,827[27] | Peace talks were started in 2023's second quarter, between Oromo Liberation Army and government of Ethiopia. The peace talks failed. The number of people who have died in the conflict: 385,000–800,000; Start of conflict: 2018; These have become part of the conflict: |
Somali Civil War | Africa | Somalia Kenya |
8,367[1] | 4,229[27] | Deaths during the conflict: 503,000+.[53] Operation Atalanta is part of the conflict. Start of the civil war: 1991 |
Mexican Drug War | North America | Mexico | 6,802+[1] | 5,119[27] | The number of people who died in battles between 1989–2020: 60,373.[54] (350,000 homicide victims in organized crime 2006–2021)[55] Start of conflict: 2006. These are a part: |
Boko Haram insurgency | Africa | Nigeria Cameroon Niger Chad |
3,759[1][56] | 4,500[27] | Related page: Boko Haram. Start of conflict: 2009 |
Syrian Civil War | Asia | Syria | 4,498[1][57] | 3,718[27] | The total of deaths during the conflict, is 495,000–606,000+.[58] The civil war started in 2011, and these have become a part: |
Kivu conflict | Africa | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2,182+[1] | 3,166[27] | Start of conflict: 2004 |
Gang war in Haiti | North America | Haiti | 1,960+[1][59] | 1,554[27][60][61] | The conflict is part of the Haitian crisis (2018–present). |
Yemeni Civil War
|
Asia | Yemen Saudi Arabia |
3,375+[1] | 1,435[27] | The number of people who died between 2014–2020: 26,006.[62]–233,000[63][64][65] The Yemeni Crisis started in 2011, and these have become a part: |
Anglophone Crisis | Africa | Cameroon | 338[d]-946+[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 6,000+[66] Start of conflict: 2017
| |
Communal conflicts in Nigeria | Africa | Nigeria | 3,050+[1][67] | Start of conflict: 1998. The Nigerian bandit conflict, is part of the (larger) conflict. | |
Colombian conflict | South America | Colombia Venezuela |
2,491+[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 220,000; These have become part of the conflict:
| |
Allied Democratic Forces armed rebellion | Africa | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1,378+[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 3,353+[n 1]. Start of conflict: 1996 | |
Iraq conflict
|
Asia | Iraq | 1,283+[1] | The Islamic State armed rebellion in Iraq (since 2017), is part of the (larger) conflict. Start of conflict: 2003 | |
Sudanese nomadic conflicts | Africa | Sudan South Sudan |
1,240+[1][73] | Start of conflict: 2011 | |
Armed rebellion in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | Asia | Pakistan | 1,200+[1] | Start of conflict: 2004 | |
Afghanistan conflict | Asia | Afghanistan | 1,007+[1] | The number of people who died in 1978–2020: 1,405,111–2,084,468.[74][75][76][77] Start of conflict: 1978. In 2021 NATO left Afghanistan; The War in Afghanistan ended. |
Less than 1,000 combat-related deaths
changeConflict | Continent | Location | Deaths in 2023 | Deaths in 2024 | More information |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ituri conflict | Africa | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 790+[1] | Start of conflict: 1999 | |
Armed rebellion in Kashmir (Indo-Pakistani Wars) | Asia | India Pakistan |
630+[1] | Start of conflict: 1947 | |
Armed rebellion in Balochistan | Asia | Pakistan Iran |
500[1] | 205[27] | Start of conflict: 1948 |
Armed rebellion in North-east India | Asia | India | 440[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 40,000[78] Start of conflict: 1954 | |
Armed rebellion in the Philippines | Asia | Philippines | 523+[1] | The communist rebellion (or New People's Army rebellion) and the Moro conflict are part of the conflict. Start of conflict: 1969 | |
Central African Republic Civil War | Africa | Central African Republic | 405[1] | Start of conflict: 2012 | |
Jamaican political conflict | North America | Jamaica | 381[1] | ||
Naxalite–Maoist armed rebellion | Asia | India | 355+[1] | Start of conflict: 1967 | |
Bangladesh drug war | Asia | Bangladesh | 305+[1][79] | Deaths during the years of conflict: 583+[1] Start of conflict: 2018 | |
Armed rebellion in Cabo Delgado | Africa | Mozambique Tanzania |
293+[1] | Start of conflict: 2017 | |
Philippine drug war | Asia | Philippines | 250+[1] | Start of conflict: 2016 | |
Asia | Israel Lebanon Syria Palestine |
201[1]– 568+[80][1] | |||
Kurdish separatism in Iran | Asia | Iran | 179+[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 15,000–58,000+[81] Start of conflict: 1918 | |
Papua conflict | Asia | Indonesia | 175+[1] | "A low-level battle for [ freedom or] independence from Indonesia [... is going on] in the resource-rich western half of Papua, according to media; Furtermore, "attacks by independence fighters have [become or] grown deadlier and more frequent [... partly because they have gotten] better weaponry; As late as 2024, a foreign helicopter was killed; Another foreign helicopter was released in 2024, after being held as a prisoner for 18 months.[82][83] Deaths during the conflict: 100,000–500,000[84] Start of conflict: 1962 | |
Kurdish–Turkish conflict | Asia | Turkey Iraq Syria |
114[1] | Start of conflict: 1984 | |
Conflict in the Niger Delta | Africa | Nigeria Cameroon |
90[1] | 250[27] | Deaths during the conflict: 2,500[85] 2016 Niger Delta conflict is part of the conflict. Start of conflict: 2003 |
Libyan crisis | Africa | Libya | 85[1][86] | Start of conflict: 2011 | |
Cabinda War | Africa | Angola | 66[1] | ||
2022 Salvadoran gang crackdown | North America | El Salvador | 48[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 152+[87] Start of conflict: 2022 | |
South Thailand armed rebellion | Asia | Thailand | 42[1] | Deaths during the conflict: 7,201.[88] Start of conflict: 1960 | |
Armed rebellion in Northern Chad | Africa | Chad | 37[1] | Start of conflict: 2021 | |
Africa | Egypt | 21[1] |
| ||
Katanga armed rebellion | Africa | DR Congo | 2[1] | Start of conflict: 1960 | |
Las Anod conflict | Africa | Somaliland | 343–688[89][90] |
|
Notes
changeReferences
changeSources
change- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.38 1.39 1.40 1.41 1.42 "Dashboard". ACLED. 10 June 2022.
- ↑ "Погибли более 500 мобилизованных: что известно о потерях России в Украине к январю". BBC News Русская служба (in Russian).
- ↑ "Ukraine: civilian casualty update 23 January 2023".
- ↑ "Russia Loses 50k Soldiers in Two Months—Kyiv". Newsweek. 28 February 2023.
- ↑ "Ukrainian forces kill 4,000 invaders within week".
- ↑ "ЗСУ за місяць знищили майже 17 000 загарбників і 1,2 тисячі одиниць техніки та озброєння".
- ↑ "Up to 30,000 Russian casualties claimed in Bakhmut". BBC News. 7 March 2023.
- ↑ "Ukraine war: Heavy losses reported as battle for Bakhmut rages". BBC News. 13 March 2023.
- ↑ "Russia's Wagner Group claims 'liberation' of Soledar, says about 500 Ukrainians killed". Reuters. 11 January 2023.
- ↑ Smilianets, Vladyslav (8 January 2023). "No sign of casualties after Russia claims revenge attack on Ukrainian soldiers". Reuters.
- ↑ "Russia Says 89 Troops Were Killed in New Year's Attack, Blames Use of Mobile Phones". Reuters. January 3, 2023.
- ↑ "Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine 16 November 2019 to 15 February 2020 (Note: link does not include deaths of the 2022 invasion!)" (PDF). Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
- ↑ "Palestinian death toll in Gaza surpasses 21,000: Health ministry". Xinhua News Agency. 27 December 2023.
- ↑ "الصحة:166 شهيدًا و384 إصابة بعدوان الاحتلال على غزة خلال 24 ساعة اقرأ المزيد عبر المركز الفلسطيني للإعلام" (in Arabic). The Palestinian Information Center. 24 December 2023. Retrieved 24 December 2023.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "الإعلام الحكومي يحذر من التواطؤ الدولي بتجويع وتعطيش غزة ويطالب بفتح معبر رفح اقرأ المزيد عبر المركز الفلسطيني للإعلام" (in Arabic). The Palestinian Information Center. 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
- ↑ "محرقة غزة: 11078 شهيدا منهم 4506 طفلا و3027 سيدة اقرأ المزيد عبر المركز الفلسطيني للإعلام" (in Arabic). The Palestinian Information Center. 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
- ↑ "7 اقرأ المزيد عبر المركز الفلسطيني للإعلام" (in Arabic). The Palestinian Information Center. 15 December 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
- ↑ "UNRWA SITUATION REPORT #56 ON THE SITUATION IN THE GAZA STRIP AND THE WEST BANK, INCLUDING EAST JERUSALEM". UNRWA. 22 December 2023.
- ↑ "Authorities name 501 soldiers, 59 police officers killed in Gaza war". The Times of Israel.
- ↑ Nepal confirms 10 of its citizens killed in Hamas attack on Israel
- ↑ "Preliminary reports indicate at least 4 Americans were killed in attacks against Israel, US official says". Fox28 Savannah. Associated Press. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
- ↑ "Ataque de Hamas: murieron dos argentinos en Israel por el violento asalto terrorista". LA NACION. 8 October 2023.
- ↑ "2 Thais killed, 8 injured, 11 kidnapped in Hamas attack on Israel". Bangkok Post. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
- ↑ "Two Thais killed in Israel-Gaza violence, says Thailand PM". The Straits Times. 8 October 2023.
- ↑ "France, Ukraine, Germany confirm their citizens among those killed, kidnapped in Israel". The Times of Israel.
- ↑ Shani Louk: Mother pleads for help as daughter goes missing at festival
- ↑ 27.00 27.01 27.02 27.03 27.04 27.05 27.06 27.07 27.08 27.09 27.10 27.11 27.12 27.13 "ACLED Dashboard". Archived from the original on 1 November 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ↑ "Health Ministry in Hamas-run Gaza Says War Death Toll at 27,585". Archived from the original on 7 February 2024. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ↑ "Authorities name 561 soldiers, 61 police officers killed in Gaza war". The Times of Israel. 8 October 2023. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
- ↑ "Another Palestinian killed in West Bank as toll rises to 343 since Oct. 7". Archived from the original on 11 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ↑ "Death toll update | Three civilians including woman and her son killed in Israeli airstrikes on the vicinity of Aleppo international airport - the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights". 31 December 2023. Archived from the original on 14 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ↑ "Hezbollah Targets Israeli Base to Avenge Lebanon Killings". Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
- ↑ "Myanmar air attack kills at least 170, witnesses say – DW – 04/14/2023". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- ↑ "Buddhist monk and a child reported among almost a dozen civilians killed in Myanmar airstrikes". ABC News. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
- ↑ "Around 40 Myanmar Junta Troops Killed in Three Days of Resistance Attacks". 3 July 2023. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
- ↑ https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/2788539/next-few-months-crucial-in-myanmar-war. Retrieved 2024-05-12
- ↑ "Modern conflicts database: alternative estimates for death tolls" (PDF). University of Massachusetts Amherst, Political Economy Research Institute. April 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 October 2008. Retrieved 21 March 2011.
- ↑ "De re militari: muertos en Guerras, Dictaduras y Genocidios". Retrieved 22 October 2014.
- ↑ "Dozens of defence forces killed in Burkina Faso attack: Governor". www.aljazeera.com.
- ↑ "Dozens killed in Burkina Faso attack near Mali border". www.aljazeera.com.
- ↑ "More than a dozen Niger soldiers killed in attack near Mali border". www.aljazeera.com.
- ↑ "Six Malian Soldiers Killed in Attack, Says Army". 13 August 2023.
- ↑ "At least 21 civilians killed in central Mali attack - sources". Reuters. 19 August 2023.
- ↑ "Burkina Faso says 53 soldiers, volunteers killed in clashes with militants". Reuters. 5 September 2023.
- ↑ "Mali hit by waves of attacks that have left more than 60 dead amid spiraling insecurity". 8 September 2023.
- ↑ "Suspected jihadists kill hundreds in Burkina Faso attack".
- ↑ https://www.politico.com/news/2024/05/10/pentagon-orders-all-us-combat-troops-to-withdraw-from-niger-00157329. Retrieved 2024-05-11
- ↑ "UN humanitarian office raises alarm over fighting in eastern Sudanese state". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2023-12-28.
- ↑ "Rights violations in Sudan 'verging on pure evil' amid escalating conflict, warns UN". France24. 2023-11-10. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- ↑ https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/05/1149281. Retrieved 2024-05-08
- ↑ York, Geoffrey (October 21, 2022). "Surge of dehumanizing hate speech points to mounting risk of mass atrocities in northern Ethiopia, experts say". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on October 22, 2022.
Independent scholars, based at Ghent University in Belgium, suggest that the death toll in Tigray is now between 385,000 and 600,000.
- ↑ "Ethiopia civil war: Hyenas scavenge on corpses as Tigray forces retreat". BBC News. 18 October 2022.
- ↑ "Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls and Casualty Statistics for Wars, Dictatorships and Genocides". Necrometrics. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
- ↑ "Mexico". UCDP – Uppsala Conflict Data Program: Mexico. Uppsala University. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
- ↑ Opinión | México: una guerra inventada y 350,000 muertos - The Washington Post
- ↑ "Nigeria Election Violence Tracker". ACLED. 16 February 2023.
- ↑ "Over 40 killed in separatist ISIS attacks in Syria:..." Rudaw. 16 April 2023. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
- ↑ "Total death toll Over 606,000 people killed across Syria since the beginning of the "Syrian Revolution", including 495,000 documented by SOHR• The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights". 1 June 2021.
- ↑ Cite error: The named reference
auto3
was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ "As gang violence rages, UN expert says Haiti now needs 5,000 foreign police". Al Jazeera. 29 March 2024. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
- ↑ "More than 50,000 people flee Haiti capital due to rampant gang violence". France 24. 2024-04-02. Retrieved 2024-04-03.
- ↑ "UCDP – Uppsala Conflict Data Program: North Yemen". UU. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
- ↑ "ACLED RESOURCES: WAR IN YEMEN". ACLED. 25 March 2020. Archived from the original on 29 June 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
- ↑ Ensor, Josie (12 December 2018). "Yemen death toll 'six times higher' than estimated". The Telegraph. Retrieved 19 February 2019.
- ↑ "Civilian death toll in Yemen mounting despite US assurances". Associated Press. 10 November 2018.
- ↑ Craig, Jess. "Violence in Cameroon's Anglophone crisis takes high civilian toll". www.aljazeera.com.
- ↑ "Nigeria says 36 soldiers killed in an ambush by an armed group and a related helicopter crash". Associated Press News. 17 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
- ↑ "Report says 220,000 died in Colombia conflict". Al Jazeera. 25 July 2013.
- ↑ "¡BASTA YA! Colombia: memorias de guerra y dignidad" (PDF). Centro Nacional de Memoria Historica de Colombia. 18 May 2020. p. 32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
- ↑ "ACLED Version 6 (1997–2015)". Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project. Archived from the original on 18 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
- ↑ Mahamba, Fiston (8 December 2017). "Rebels kill 15 peacekeepers in Congo in worst attack on U.N. in recent". Reuters. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
- ↑ "Realtime Data (2017)". ACLED. Archived from the original on 2017-09-19. Retrieved 2021-09-06.
- ↑ "Local representative says ethnic clashes at U.N. Site in South Sudan kill at least 13 people". Associated Press. 8 June 2023. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- ↑ http://www.nonel.pu.ru/erdferkel/khalidi.pdf
- ↑ Giustozzi, Antonio (29 August 2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978-1992. Hurst. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7 – via Google Books.
- ↑ "Human Costs of War: Direct War Death in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 April 2013.
- ↑ "Life under Taliban cuts two ways". Christian Science Monitor. 20 September 2001.
- ↑ "India - Northeast (1979 - first combat deaths)". Project Ploughshares.
- ↑ "Bangladesh Datasheet - Islamist Terrorism". www.satp.org. Archived from the original on 8 October 2022. Retrieved 2023-11-11.
- ↑
- "Incidents sporadiques au Liban-Sud ; plus de 20.250 morts à Gaza depuis le 7 octobre : Jour 78 de la guerre Hamas-Israël".
- "Hamas says 3 members who infiltrated Israel from Lebanon were killed in IAF strike".
- "Two Resistance Brigades members killed by Israeli shelling". Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- "LIVEBLOG: IDF hits over 320 terror targets in Gaza, eliminates terrorist cells in southern Lebanon". Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
- "Israeli strikes on Lebanon kill 8 including 2 journalists: media".
- "Militant killed in expanding Israeli strikes on S. Lebanon". Archived from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
- "Amid escalating events in Palestine | Israeli airstrikes hit Aleppo and Damascus airports". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 25 December 2023. Retrieved 25 December 2023.
- "Relief in Lebanon as Hezbollah's Nasrallah holds off on wider Israel war". Archived from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- "In a major Israeli escalation, 25 members of groups working with Iran were killed in less than 24 hours" (in Arabic). Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 30 December 2023. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
- "Global Affairs confirms 8th Canadian death since start of Israel-Hamas war". Archived from the original on 12 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- "3 killed in confrontations on Lebanon-Israel borders". Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- "Lebanese army says one soldier killed in Israeli shelling in south Lebanon". Archived from the original on 11 December 2023. Retrieved 12 December 2023.
- "Northern towns rocked by heaviest Hezbollah barrages since outbreak of war". 27 December 2023.
- "Lebanon says Israeli strike kills reporter's 4 relatives". 7 November 2023. Archived from the original on 7 December 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
- "Authorities name 498 soldiers, 59 police officers killed in Gaza war". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
The military's list also includes a soldier killed by friendly fire in the West Bank, a soldier killed due to malfunctioning ammunition on the Lebanon border, two soldiers killed in a tank accident in northern Israel, and a number of other deadly incidents amid the war but not directly related to the fighting..
- "3 Hezbollah fighters killed in confrontations on Lebanon-Israel border".
- ↑ "KDPI leadership urges support for 'mountain struggle'". rudaw.net.
- ↑ https://www.nettavisen.no/nyheter/newzealandsk-pilot-fri-etter-halvannet-ar-i-fangenskap/s/5-95-2029527. Retrieved 2024-09-21
- ↑ https://www.bangkokpost.com/world/2841787/rebels-in-indonesias-papua-kill-helicopter-pilot-from-new-zealand. Retrieved 2024-08-05
- ↑ "UNPO: West Papua: Indonesia Considering Addressing Past Atrocities". unpo.org.
- ↑
- ""Armed Conflicts Report - Nigeria"". Archived from the original on 2006-10-10. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
- "Second Nigeria/Biafra War Has Just Started But We Will Defend Our Land — IPOB". Sahara Reporters. 2021-02-19. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
- "Again, gunmen kill two police officers in Cross River". 2021-03-03. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
- "ESN Operatives Storm Rivers Community In Full Force To Evict Fulani Herdsmen". Sahara Reporters. 2021-03-22. Retrieved 2021-05-17.
- "Why separatists in Cameroon and Nigeria have united". BBC News. 21 October 2021.
- ↑ "At least 55 dead following clashes between rival factions in Libya". 16 August 2023.
- ↑ "El Salvador Marks Its First Year Under Anti-Gang Crackdown". Associated Press. San Salvador, El Salvador. 27 March 2023. Retrieved 27 March 2023.
- ↑ "Deep South Watch Summary of Incidents July 2020". Deep South Watch. 8 August 2020. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
- ↑ Cite error: The named reference
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was used but no text was provided for refs named (see the help page). - ↑ "Somalia: Flash Update No. 4 Situation in Laas Caanood, Sool Region, 3 April 2023". ReliefWeb Blog. OCHA. 4 April 2023. Archived from the original on 27 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.