English-speaking world
Over two billion people speak English.[1][2] It is the largest language by number of speakers.[3] It is the fourth largest language by number of native speakers. English is the most widely spoken second language.
Overview
changeThe United States of America is the largest English-speaking country, with 300 million native speakers. There are 60 million native speakers in the United Kingdom, 29 million in Canada, 25.1 million in Australia, 4.7 million in the Republic of Ireland, and 4.9 million in New Zealand.
In the European Union, English is one of 24 official languages and is widely used by institutions, and by almost all of the population as the native language in the United Kingdom and Ireland.[4] It is a second language in other member states.
Estimates that include second language speakers vary greatly, from 470 million to more than 2 billion. David Crystal calculates that, as of 2003, non-native speakers outnumbered native speakers by a ratio of 3 to 1.[1]p69 When combining native and non-native speakers, English is the most widely spoken language worldwide.
Besides the main dialects of English, countries such as South Africa, India, Nigeria, the Philippines, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago have millions of native speakers of dialect continua. These versions range from English-based creole languages to Standard English. Other countries such as Ghana and Uganda also use English as their primary official languages.
India now claims to be the world's second-largest English-speaking country. The most reliable estimate is about 10% of its population or 125 million people, second only to the US. It may be four times larger in the next decade from 2012.[5]
Countries by English-speaking percentage
changeBelow is a list of some countries by the rank proficiency in English (listed alphabetically), according to the English Proficiency Index.[6]
Europe
changeVery high
changeHigh
change- Bulgaria
- Czech Republic
- Estonia
- France
- Greece
- Hungary
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Poland
- Romania
- Serbia
- Slovakia
- Switzerland
Moderate
changeLow
changeSouth America
changeVery high
changeHigh
change- Bolivia
- Chile
- Costa Rica
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- El Salvador
- Honduras
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Suriname
- Uruguay
Moderate
changeLow
changeAsia
changeVery high
changeHigh
changeModerate
change- China
- Hong Kong (China)
- India
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Macau (China)
- Oman
- Saudi Arabia
- South Korea
Low
changeVery low
changeAfrica
changeVery high
changeHigh
changeModerate
changeLow
changeVery low
changeReferences
change- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Crystal, David. The language revolution. John Wiley & Sons, 2004".
- ↑ Crystal, David (2008). "Two thousand million?". English Today. 24: 3–6. doi:10.1017/S0266078408000023. S2CID 145597019.
- ↑ "List of languages by total number of speakers, Ethnologue 2019".
- ↑ Though the Welsh language is spoken by about one-fifth of the people in Wales, they almost all speak English as well.
- ↑ BBC News 27 Nov 2012: English or Hinglish - which will India choose?[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "EF EPI 2021 – EF English Proficiency Index".