October 25

2024 Calendar

October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 67 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

Up to 1900

1147 – Portuguese forces under Afonso I of Portugal, and crusaders from England and Flanders, conquer Lisbon after a four–month siege.
1154 – Henry II of England becomes King.
1415 – The army of Henry V of England defeats a French army at the Battle of Agincourt.
1616 – Dirk Hartog makes the second–recorded European landing in Australia, on Dirk Hartog Island, off the west coast.
1671 – Giovanni Domenico Cassini discovers Saturn's moon Iapetus.
1722 – King Louis XV of France, aged 12, is crowned in Reims Cathedral.
1747 – A British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre.
1760 – George III of the United Kingdom becomes King, after the death of his grandfather, King George II of Great Britain.
1788 – The HMAV Bounty reaches Tahiti.
1812 – War of 1812: American frigate USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.
1822 – Greek War of Independence: The First Siege of Missolonghi begins.
1828 – The St. Catherine Docks open in London.
1854 – Crimean War: Battle of Balaklava, including the British Charge of the Light Brigade.
1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
1900 – The United Kingdom annexes Transvaal.

1901 – 2000

1917 – Julian calendar date of Russia's October Revolution. In the Gregorian calendar, the date was November 7.
1918 – Canadian steamship Princess Sophia hits a reef off Alaska and sinks, killing all 356 people on board.
1927 – Italian luxury steamship Principessa Mafalda hits a rock off Porto Seguro, Brazil, and sinks, killing 312 people.
1929 – Wall Street Crash: The severe losses of the previous day continue.
1940 – Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is named the first African American general of the United States Army.
1941 – World War II: The Romanian Army liberates Carei, the last Romanian city under Nazi–Hungarian control.
1944 – World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf occurs in the Philippines.
1945 – The Republic of China takes over Taiwan.
1955 – In Japan, 12–year–old Sadako Sasaki dies, as a result of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima 10 years earlier. Her origami cranes, folded after she became unwell, have become symbols of peace and opposition to nuclear weapons.
1962 – Nelson Mandela is sentenced to five years in prison.
1962 – Uganda joins the UN.
1971 – At the UN, the People's Republic of China joins, as the Republic of China is expelled.
1979 – Catalonia and the Basque Country gain some autonomy (self–rule) within Spain.
1979 – The last new episode of Fawlty Towers airs.
1983 – The US and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after its Prime Minister Maurice Bishop is killed in a coup.
1990 – Kazakhstan declares independence from the Soviet Union
1991 – Four months after the Ten–Day War, the last soldier of the Yugoslav People's Army leaves the territory of the Republic of Slovenia.
1995 – A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing 7 students.
1995 – Latvia applies to join the EU.
1997 – Denis Sassou–Nguesso proclaims himself President of the Republic of the Congo.

From 2001

2001 – Microsoft releases Windows XP.
2004 – In Cuba, Fidel Castro announces that transactions in the country that involve the United States Dollar will be banned.
2007 – Singapore Airlines carry out the first passenger flight of an Airbus A380.
2009 – Bombings in Baghdad kill 155 people.
2010 – A magnitude 7.7 earthquake off the west coast of Sumatra causes tsunamis, which kill over 400 people, and leave many more missing.
2019 – The European Union agrees to extend the United Kingdom's Brexit deadline beyond October 31.
2019 – A beetle species discovered in 1965 is named after climate change activist Greta Thunberg, being given the name Nelloptodes gretae.

Births

Up to 1900

1330 – Louis II of Flanders (d. 1384)
1510 – Renée of France (d. 1574)
1576 – Thomas Weelkes, English composer (d. 1623)
1683 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (d. 1757)
1692 – Elizabeth Farnese, wife of King Philip V of Spain (d. 1766)
1714 – James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish scholar, philosopher and deist (d. 1799)
1754 – Richard Howell, Governor of New Jersey (d. 1802)
1759 – Maria Feodorovna, Russian Empress (d. 1828)
1759 – William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1834)
1767 – Benjamin Constant, Swiss writer (d. 1830)
1782 – Levi Lincoln, Jr., 13th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1868)
1789 – Heinrich Schwabe, German astronomer and botanist (d. 1875)
1790 – Robert Stirling, Scottish clergyman and inventor, creator of the Stirling engine (d. 1878)
1800 – Thomas Macaulay, British poet, historian and politician (d. 1859)
1802 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (d. 1864)
1806 – Max Stirner, German philosopher (d. 1856)
1811 – Evariste Galois, French mathematician (d. 1832)
1821 – Antonio Ciseri, Swiss–Italian writer (d. 1891)
1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer (d. 1899)
1827 – Marcelin Berthelot, French chemist and politician (d. 1907)
1828 – Dragan Tsankov, Bulgarian political figure (d. 1911)
1835 – William McTaggart, Scottish painter (d. 1910)
1838 – Georges Bizet, French composer (d. 1875)
1856 – Dragutin Gorjanovic–Kramberger, Croatian paleontologist (d. 1936)
1864 – Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian composer (d. 1956)
1864 – John Francis Dodge, American automobile pioneer (d. 1920)
1867 – Józef Dowbór–Muśnicki, Polish general (d.1937)
1868 – Dan Burke, American baseball player (d. 1933)
1868 – Oskar Kallas, Estonian diplomat, linguist and folklorist (d. 1946)
1877 – Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (d. 1957)
1879 – Fritz Haarmann, German serial killer (d. 1924)
1881 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
1888 – Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (d. 1957)
1889 – Abel Gance, movie writer (d. 1981)
1889 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball player (d. 1985)
1891 – Father Coughlin, Roman Catholic priest and radio broadcaster (d. 1979)
1892 – Leo G. Carroll, actor (d. 1972)
1895 – Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1969)
1900 – Funmilayo Ransome–Kuti, Nigerian social activist (d. 1978)

1901 – 1925

1902 – Eddie Lang, American jazz musician (d. 1933)
1902 – Carlo Gnocchi, Italian priest, educator and writer (d. 1955)
1902 – Alfred E. Driscoll, Governor of New Jersey (d. 1975)
1903 – Katharine Byron, United States Congresswoman (d. 1976)
1905 – Bob McPhail, Scottish footballer (d. 2000)
1910 – William Higinbotham, American physicist (d. 1994)
1912 – Minnie Pearl, American comedian and singer (d. 1996)
1913 – Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal (d. 1991)
1914 – John Berryman, American poet (d. 1972)
1915 – Ivan M. Niven, Canadian mathematician (d. 1999)
1918 – Chubby Jackson, American jazz musician and bandleader (d. 2003)
1919 – Norman E. Erbe, Governor of Iowa (d. 2000)
1919 – Beate Uhser–Rotermund, German pilot and entrepreneur (d. 2001)
1921 – Michael I, former King of Romania (d. 2017)
1923 – Jean Duceppe, Quebec actor (d. 1990)
1923 – Bobby Thomson, Scottish–born American baseball player (d. 2010)
1923 – Achille Silvestrini, Italian cardinal (d. 2019)
1924 – Bill Barty, American actor (d. 2000)
1924 – Earl Palmer, American musician (d. 2008)
1925 – John J. Snyder, American Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2019)

1926 – 1950

1926 – Jimmy Heath, American jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger
1926 – Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian soprano (d. 2012)
1927 – Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, former President of Uruguay (d. 2016)
1927 – Barbara Cook, American singer and actress (d. 2017)
1927 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist (d. 1987)
1928 – Marion Ross, American actress
1928 – Peter Naur, Danish computer scientist (d. 2016)
1928 – Jeanne Cooper, American actress (d. 2013)
1928 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006)
1929 – Peter Rühmkorf, German writer (d. 2008)
1931 – Annie Girardot, French actress (d. 2011)
1932 – Jerzy Pawlowski, Polish fencer and double agent (d. 2005)
1933 – Jack Haley Jr., movie producer and director (d. 2001)
1935 – Rusty Schweickart, American astronaut
1936 – Martin Gilbert, British historian (d. 2015)
1936 – Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress
1937 – Roberto Menescal, Brazilian musician
1938 – Basile Georges Casmoussa, Iraqi archbishop
1938 – Vija Celmins, Latvian–American artist
1939 – Robert Cogoi, Belgian singer
1939 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek movie director and writer (d. 2007)
1939 – Dave Simmonds, English motorcycle racer (d. 1972)
1940 – Bobby Knight, American basketball coach
1941 – Anne Tyler, novelist
1942 – Helen Reddy, Australian singer
1944 – Jon Anderson, singer (Yes)
1944 – James Carville, political operative
1944 – Donald Ford, Scottish footballer
1944 – Azizan Abdul Razak, Malaysian politician
1945 – Yuriy Mechkov, Russian politician (d. 2019)
1947 – Glenn Tipton, English guitarist (Judas Priest)
1948 – Dan Gable, wrestler and coach
1949 – Brian Kerwin, actor
1949 – Ross Bagdasarian Jr., American voice actor
1950 – David Kaye, former American rabbi and convicted sex offender

1951 – 1975

1951 – Richard Lloyd, musician
1952 – Wendy Hall, English computer scientist, mathematician and academic
1954 – Mike Eruzione, American hockey player
1955 – Glynis Barber, English actress
1955 – Robin Eubanks, American jazz musician
1955 – Matthias Jabs, German guitarist
1957 – Nancy Cartwright, American voice actress
1957 – Bernard Hogan–Howe, English police officer
1958 – Kornelia Ender, German swimmer
1958 – Phil Daniels, British actor
1959 – Chrissy Amphlett, Australian singer–songwriter and actress (d. 2013)
1961 – Chad Smith, American drummer (Red Hot Chilli Peppers)
1961 – Willie Walsh, Irish businessman
1962 – Nick Hancock, British TV presenter
1962 – Darlene Vogel, American actress
1963 – John Levén, Swedish bassist (Europe)
1963 – Tracy Nelson, actress
1964 – Nicole, German singer
1966 – Wendel Clark, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 – Oleg Salenko, Ukrainian–Russian footballer
1970 – Ed Robertson, Canadian guitarist and singer (Barenaked Ladies)
1970 – Adam Goldberg, American actor
1970 – Adam Pascal, American actor
1971 – Pedro Martínez, Dominican baseball player
1971 – Midori, Japanese violinist
1972 – Esther Duflo, French–American economist
1972 – Jonathan Torrens, Canadian actor, producer and screenwriter
1973 – Bettina Wulff, former First Lady of Germany
1975 – Zadie Smith, British novelist

From 1976

1977 – Birgit Prinz, German footballer
1977 – Anita Rani, English television presenter
1978 – An Jong–hak, Japanese–born North Korean footballer
1978 – Bobby Madden, Scottish football referee
1979 – Ivana Sert, Serbian–Turkish television personality, model and fashion designer
1979 – Rob Hulse, English footballer
1981 – Shaun Wright–Phillips, English footballer
1981 – Hiroshi Aoyama, Japanese motorcycle racer
1982 – Victoria Francés, Spanish artist
1984 – Sara Helena Lumholdt, Swedish musician (A–Teens)
1984 – Eddie Gaven, American soccer player
1984 – Katy Perry, American singer
1985 – Ciara Harris, American singer
1985 – Kara Lynn Joyce, American swimmer
1986 – DJ Webstar, American DJ and producer
1987 – Bill Amis, American basketball player
1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, German gymnast
1987 – Darron Gibson, Irish footballer
1988 – Rylan Clark–Neal, English television personality
1995 – Conchita Campbell, Canadian actress
1997 – Federico Chiesa, Italian footballer
1997 – Michael Rice, English singer
2001 – Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant, next in–line to the throne of Belgium
2006 – Krista and Tatiana Hogan, Canadian craniopagus conjoined twins

Deaths

Up to 1900

304 – Pope Marcellinus
625 – Pope Boniface V
1047 – King Magnus I of Norway (b. 1024)
1154 – King Stephen of England (b. 1096)
1200 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German archbishop
1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet (b. 1340)
1415 – Antoine, Duke of Brabant (b. 1384)
1415 – Frederick of Lorraine (b. 1371)
1478 – Catherine of Bosnia (b. 1425)
1495 – King John II of Portugal (b. 1455)
1514 – William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop (b. 1431)
1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (b. 1608)
1733 – Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (b. 1667)
1760 – King George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
1806 – Henry Knox, American general and politician (b. 1750)
1833 – Abbas Mirza of Persia (b. 1789)
1836 – Antonios Miaoulis, Greek politician and revolutionary leader (b. 1800)
1844 – Heinrich Cotta, German forester (b. 1763)
1906 – Todor Burmov, Bulgarian politician (b. 1834)
1920 – King Alexander I of Greece (b. 1893)
1921 – Bat Masterson, American journalist and lawman (b. 1853)
1926 – Charles Marion Russell, American artist and writer (b. 1864)
1945 – Robert Ley, German Nazi official (b. 1890)
1951 – Amélie of Orléans, last Queen of Portugal (b. 1865)
1955 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese Hiroshima Atomic bomb victim (b. 1943)
1973 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian athlete (b. 1932)
1973 – Robert Scholl, German politician (b. 1891)
1973 – Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928)
1992 – Roger Miller, American musician and composer (b. 1936)
1993 – Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
1994 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (b. 1905)
1995 – Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
1995 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
1999 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (b. 1957)

From 2001

2001 – Soraya Esfandiary–Bakhtiari, Empress of Iran (b. 1932)
2002 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (b. 1930)
2002 – René Thom, French mathematician (b. 1923)
2003 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher and spiritual figure (b. 1920)
2003 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish cross–country skier (b. 1925)
2004 – John Peel, British disc jockey (b. 1939)
2009 – Camillo Cibin, Italian papal bodyguard (b. 1926)
2010 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican musician (b. 1951)
2011 – Tom McNeeley, American boxer (b. 1937)
2012 – John Connelly, English footballer (b. 1938)
2012 – Jacques Barzun, French–born American historian and philosopher (b. 1907)
2013 – Arthur Danto, American philosopher and art critic (b. 1924)
2013 – Nigel Davenport, British actor (b. 1928)
2013 – Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
2013 – Hal Needham, American stuntman and director (b. 1931)
2013 – Marcia Wallace, American actress (b. 1942)
2014 – Marcia Strassman, American actress (b. 1948)
2014 – Reyhaneh Jabbari, Iranian woman convicted of murder (b. 1988)
2014 – Jack Bruce, Scottish musician (b. 1943)
2014 – Carlos Morales Troncoso, Vice President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1940)
2015 – Flip Saunders, American basketball coach (b. 1955)
2015 – Lisa Jardine, English historian (b. 1944)
2016 – Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian footballer (b. 1944)
2017 – Mohamed Abshir Muse, Somali military officer (b. 1926)
2017 – Jack Bannon, American actor (b. 1940)
2017 – Ronald Breslow, American chemist (b. 1931)
2017 – Ian Cathie, Australian politician (b. 1932)
2017 – Lu Guanqiu, Chinese entrepreneur (b. 1945)
2017 – Pinito del Oro, Spanish trapeze artist and novelist (b. 1930)
2018 – Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player (b. 1980)
2018 – Lindon Crow, American football player (b. 1933)
2018 – Sonny Fortune, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1939)
2018 – Thomas Keating, American Trappist monk and author (b. 1923)
2018 – Michael J. O'Connor, American politician (b. 1928)
2018 – Shivinder Singh Sidhu, Indian politician, Governor of Meghalaya and Goa (b. 1929)
2018 – John Ziegler Jr., American ice hockey player (b. 1934)
2019 – Salvador Freixedo, Spanish ufologist and Jesuit priest (b. 1923)
2019 – Carlo Strenger, Swiss–Italian psychologist and philosopher (b. 1958)
2019 – Don Valentine, American venture capitalist (b. 1932)

Observances

Constitution Day (Lithuania)
Armed Forces Day (Romania)
Day of the Basque Country
Republic Day (Kazakhstan)
Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)